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<h1 class="NyNewDetail_Name">阻垢劑種類及特性</h1> <div id="3vyrj2r4k" class="NyNewDetail_Tips"> <span><img src="/Skins/512325/images/ico04.png" />更新時(shí)間：2025-02-17</span><span><img src="/Skins/512325/images/ico05.png" />點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)：138</span> </div> <div id="3vyrj2r4k" class="NyNewDetail_Content"> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(27, 28, 33); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word; font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.5px;">阻垢劑在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中扮演著至關(guān)重要的角色，其種類及特性多樣，以下是一些常見的阻垢劑種類及其特性：</p><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85); font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0px; font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; letter-spacing: 0.5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">常見阻垢劑種類</h3><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-block-start: 1em; padding-inline-start: 2.3em; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(27, 28, 33); font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; letter-spacing: 0.5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">有機(jī)膦系列阻垢劑</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">ATMP（氨基三亞甲基膦酸）</span>：具有良好的螯合、低限抑制及晶格畸變作用，可阻止水中成垢鹽類形成水垢，特別是碳酸鈣垢的形成<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好，不易水解，在高硬度水中阻垢，但單獨(dú)使用時(shí)用量較大<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">HEDP（羥基亞乙基二膦酸）</span>：能與鐵、銅、鋅等多種金屬離子形成穩(wěn)定的絡(luò)合物，能溶解金屬表面的氧化物<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。在250℃下仍能起到良好的緩蝕阻垢作用，耐酸堿性、耐氯氧化性能較其它有機(jī)膦酸(鹽)好<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">EDTMPS（乙二胺四甲叉磷酸鈉）</span>：含氮有機(jī)多元膦酸，屬陰極型緩蝕劑，與無機(jī)聚磷酸鹽相比，緩蝕率高3～5倍<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。能與水混溶，無毒無污染，化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性及耐溫性好，在100℃下仍有良好的阻垢效果<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">EDTMPA（乙二胺四甲叉膦酸）</span>：具有很強(qiáng)的螯合金屬離子的能力，與銅離子的絡(luò)合常數(shù)是包括EDTA在內(nèi)的所有螯合劑中最大的<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。為高純?cè)噭┣覠o毒，在電子行業(yè)可作為半導(dǎo)體芯片的清洗劑用于制造集成電路；在醫(yī)藥行業(yè)作放射性元素的攜帶劑，用于檢查和治療疾?。黄潋夏芰h(yuǎn)超過EDTA和DTPA，幾乎在所有使用EDTA作螯合劑的地方都可用EDTMPA替代<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">聚羧酸類阻垢分散劑</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">PAAS（聚丙烯酸）</span>：無毒，易溶于水，可在堿性和中濃縮倍數(shù)條件下運(yùn)行而不結(jié)垢<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。能將碳酸鈣、硫酸鈣等鹽類的微晶或泥沙分散于水中不沉淀，從而達(dá)到阻垢目的<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li><li><p><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">AA/AMPS（丙烯酸與2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸共聚而成）</span>：由于分子結(jié)構(gòu)中含有阻垢分散性能好的羧酸基和強(qiáng)極性的磺酸基，能提高鈣容忍度，對(duì)水中的磷酸鈣、碳酸鈣、鋅垢等有顯著的阻垢作用，并且分散性能優(yōu)良<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。與有機(jī)膦復(fù)配，增效作用明顯，特別適合高pH、高堿度、高硬度的水質(zhì)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)高濃縮倍數(shù)運(yùn)行的理想的阻垢分散劑之一<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">復(fù)合阻垢劑</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>由有機(jī)膦酸和聚羧酸等高聚物組成的復(fù)合品，具有很高的緩蝕和阻垢性能，其耐溫性特別好，可有效地應(yīng)用于低壓鍋爐的爐內(nèi)水處理<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">天然高分子阻垢劑</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>由植物和動(dòng)物纖維素、蛋白質(zhì)等天然物質(zhì)提取的，具有親水性的糖類高分子材料<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。其分散和吸附能力強(qiáng)，在低濃度下即可減少水中的石英沉積物和熱水器的熱垢，可廣泛應(yīng)用于大型中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)和電站的工業(yè)用水<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul></ol><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85); font-weight: 500; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0px; font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; letter-spacing: 0.5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">阻垢劑的特性</h3><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-block-start: 1em; padding-inline-start: 2.3em; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(27, 28, 33); font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; letter-spacing: 0.5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">螯合作用</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>阻垢劑中的螯合劑能與水中的鈣、鎂等陽離子形成穩(wěn)定的可溶性絡(luò)合物，從而將水中的游離鈣、鎂離子以及其他重金屬離子“固定"下來，防止它們與陰離子接觸產(chǎn)生沉淀<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">分散作用</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>阻垢劑中的分散劑能使成垢粒子（如碳酸鈣、硫酸鈣等）相互碰撞、相互吸引并相互結(jié)合，形成松散的絮狀顆粒懸浮在水中<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。這些顆粒處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在水中流動(dòng)而不會(huì)沉降到設(shè)備表面形成硬垢<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">晶格畸變作用</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>當(dāng)系統(tǒng)中的硬度、堿度較高，所投入的螯合劑、分散劑不足以阻止它們析出的時(shí)候，它們就不可避免地析出<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。此時(shí)，分散劑可以吸附、包圍成垢粒子，阻止其在規(guī)則的晶格點(diǎn)陣上排列，從而使所生成的污垢松軟、易被水流的沖刷而帶走<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">環(huán)保性能</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>部分阻垢劑如聚羧酸類阻垢分散劑屬于綠色環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，不含磷、無毒害，對(duì)環(huán)境友好<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。而傳統(tǒng)的含磷阻垢劑雖然阻垢效果較好，但長(zhǎng)期使用容易促進(jìn)藻類生長(zhǎng)，大量排放還會(huì)污染地下水，因此逐漸受到限制<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul><li><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">適用范圍廣</span>：</p></li><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p>不同類型的阻垢劑適用于不同的水質(zhì)條件和應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景。例如，有機(jī)膦系列阻垢劑適用于火力發(fā)電廠、煉油廠的循環(huán)冷卻水、油田回注水系統(tǒng)等；聚羧酸類阻垢分散劑則更適合于高pH、高堿度、高硬度的水質(zhì)以及要求高濃縮倍數(shù)運(yùn)行的系統(tǒng)<span id="3vyrj2r4k" class="custom-footnote" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url("https://openres.xfyun.cn/xfyundoc/2024-04-21/9a6ae90a-8c57-4672-b21a-dba98d4f5917/1713685044472/111.svg") center 0px / 100% no-repeat; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600; height: 0.6875rem; margin: 0px 0.0625rem; text-align: center; width: 0.5625rem;"></span>。</p></li></ul></ol><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0.625rem; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(27, 28, 33); line-height: 1.625rem; word-break: break-word; font-family: "PingFang SC", "PingFang SC-Regular"; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 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